Romantic Artists
Turner, Caspar David Friedrich, Eugene Delacroix , Goya, Pre-Raphaelites.
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Liberty Leading the People (1830)
Louvre, Paris. By Eugene Delacroix.

Romantic Artists (1775-1850)

The Romantic School (c.1775-1850)

Romanticism was a European art movement which placed a premium on imagination and aesthetics, rather than reason and conventional order. It was a broad movement encompassing many different styles of art, across most of the painting genres. If there was any unifying factor, it was an attitude of mind that valued "individual experience" in an increasingly mechanized, ordered and rational world. Drawing was used to convey emotion, and colour assumed a major role. Oil paintings had a tactile quality from vigorous brushwork and impasto layering.


Ville d'Avray (1867)
By Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot.
National Gallery of Art, Washingon DC
By the most famous French Romantic
landscape artist.

MEANING OF ART
See: Definition of Art.

EVOLUTION OF VISUAL ART
For details of art movements
and styles, see: History of Art.
For chronology and dates,
see: History of Art Timeline.

PAINTING COLOURS
For details of colour painting
pigments and hues used by
Romantic painters, see:
19th Century Colour Palette.

ARTISTS SINCE 1800
See: Famous Painters.

WORLDS TOP ARTISTS
For the greatest view paintings:
Best Landcape Artists.
For the greatest genre-scenes:
Best Genre Painters.
For the top historical painting,
see: Best History Painters.

WORLD'S GREATEST ARTWORKS
See: Best Artists of All Time.

Romanticist Artists

Although Romantic art dates back to the Northern Renaissance - witness works by Albrecht Altdorfer (1480-1538), Romanticism proper may be said to have originated in the late 18th century, and Romantic painters were spurred on (though not confined) by the French Revolution (1789). They divided into several differing shades of Romanticism. In England, for instance, landscape artists like JMW Turner (1775-1851) explored a personal response to nature and the world, in France Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796-1875) and others romanticised plein-air nature, while in Germany, painters like Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840) sought a more spiritual connection.

In France, early Romanticists included Antoine-Jean Gros (1771-1835), who remained within the classical academic idiom, as did Jean-Leon Gerome (1824-1904) who popularized Orientalist painting, another strand of Romanticism. Theodore Gericault (1791-1835) had a more socially-aware aesthetic, while Eugene Delacroix (1798-1863) who produced the orientalist work Death of Sardanapalus (1827) and the more political Liberty Leading the People (1930) had a more historical view - a stance mirrored by the paintings of the great Spanish Romantic Goya. See in particular: The Colossus (1808-12, Prado, Madrid), The Third of May, 1808 (1814, Prado) and Saturn Devouring His Son (1821, Prado, Madrid).

In America, Romanticism was exemplified by the Hudson River School of landscape painting (1825-75) and Luminism (1850-75).

 

NOTE: To see the role that Romantic painting played in the evolution of 19th century art, see: Realism to Impressionism (1830-1900).

Towards the end of the Romantic art era, which peaked between 1824 and 1850, the Pre-Raphaelites and other similar groups added their own chivalric and nostalgic contribution. The four principal Pre-Raphaelite artists included: William Holman Hunt (1827-1910), Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-82), the portraitist John Everett Millais (1829-96) and Edward Burne-Jones (1833-98)

Other leading Romantics in the field of oil painting included: the eccentric symbolist Henry Fuseli (1741-1825), noted for The Nightmare (1781); the visionary illustrator and watercolourist William Blake (1757-1827); the idyllic naturalist John Constable (1776-1837); and the French academic classicist Ingres (1780-1867).

List of Romantic Artists

Among the many masters of Romantic painting, sculpture and printmaking of the 18th/19th century, were the following:

Abildgaard, Nicolai (1743-1809) Danish Painter
Allston, Washington (1779-1843) American Painter
Amerling, Friedrich Von (1803-1887) Austrian Painter (Vienna)
Antigna, Alexandre (1817-1878) French Painter (Paris)
Audubon, John James (1785-1851) American Graphic Artist
Barabas, Miklos (1810-1898) Hungarian Painter
Barre, Jean-Jacques (1793-1855) French Sculptor (Paris)
Barye, Antoine-Louis (1796-1875) French Sculptor
Begas, Carl The Elder (1794-1854) German Painter
Benoist, Marie-Guillemine (1768-1826) French Painter (Paris)
Benouville, Francois-Leon (1821-1859) French Painter (Paris)
Berjon, Antoine (1754-1843) French Painter
Bierstadt, Albert (1830-1902) American landscape artist, Luminism School
Bingham, George Caleb (1811-1879) American Painter
Blake, William (1757-1827) English Graphic Artist
Blechen, Karl (1797-1840) German Painter
Bocklin, Arnold (1827-1901) Swiss Painter
Boilly, Louis Leopold (1761-1845) French Painter
Bone, Henry (1755-1834) English Miniaturist
Bonington, Richard Parkes (1802-1828) English Painter
Boys, Thomas Shotter (1803-1874) English Graphic Artist (London)
Broc, Jean (1771-1850) French Painter
Brocky, Karoly (1807-1855) Hungarian Painter (London)
Brondgeest, Albertus (1786-1849) Dutch Graphic Artist (Amsterdam)
Brown, Ford Madox (1821-1893) English Painter
Bryullov, Aleksandr Pavlovich (1798-1877) Russian Painter
Bryullov, Karl Pavlovich (1799-1852) Russian Painter
Caffi, Ippolito (1809-1866) Italian Painter
Calame, Alexandre (1810-1864) Swiss Painter
Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste (1827-1875) French Sculptor
Carrier-Belleuse, Albert-Ernest (1824-1887) French Sculptor
Carus, Karl Gustav (1789-1869) German Painter
Casilear, John William (1811-1893) American landscape artist
Castellano, Manuel (1826-1880) Spanish Painter (Madrid)
Catel, Franz Ludwig (1778-1856) German Painter
Catlin, George (1796-1872) American Painter
Charlet, Nicolas-Toussaint (1792-1845) French Painter (Paris)
Charpentier, Constance (1767-1849) French Painter
Chasseriau, Theodore (1819-1856) French Painter
Chauvin, Pierre-Athanase (1774-1832) French Painter (Paris)
Church, Frederic Edwin (1826-1900) American Painter
Clesinger, Auguste (1814-1883) French Sculptor
Clonney, James Goodwyn (1812-1867) American Landscape Painter
Cole, Thomas (1801-1848) American Landscape Painter, Hudson River School
Constable, John (1776-1837) English Painter
Cordier, Charles-Henri-Joseph (1827-1905) French Sculptor
Cornelius, Peter (1783-1867) German Painter
Corot, Jean-Baptiste Camille (1796-1875) French Painter
Cotman, John Sell (1782-1842) English Watercolourist Landscape Artist
Couder, Auguste (1790-1873) French Painter
Court, Joseph-Desire (1797-1865) French Painter
Couture, Thomas (1815-1879) French Painter
Cox, David (1783-1859) English Painter
Crome, John (1768-1821) Norfolk Landscape Artist
Cruikshank, George (1792-1878) English Graphic Artist (London)
Dael, Jan Frans Van (1764-1840) Belgian Painter (Paris)
Dahl, Johan Christian Clausen (1788-1857) Norwegian Painter
Danhauser, Josef Franz (1805-1845) Austrian Painter
Dantan, Jean-Pierre (1800-1869) French Sculptor
Dawe, George (1781-1829) English Painter (St. Petersburg)
Decamps, Alexandre Gabriel (1803-1860) French Painter
Delacroix, Eugene (1798-1863) French Painter
Delaroche, Paul (1797-1859) French History Painter
Deppe, Ludwig (Active c.1820) German Painter (Berlin)
Deveria, Achille-Jacques-Jean-Marie (1800-1857) French Graphic Artist (Paris)
Donat, Janos (1744-1830) Hungarian Painter
Doughty, Thomas (1793-1856) American landscape artist
Drake, Johann Friedrich (1805-1882) German Sculptor
Dumont, Augustin-Alexandre (1801-1884) French Sculptor
Dupre, Giovanni (1817-1882) Italian Sculptor (Florence)
Durand, Asher Brown (1796-1886) American Painter
Duret, Francisque-Joseph (1804-1865) French Sculptor
Duseigneur, Jehan (1808-1866) French Sculptor
Dyce, William (1806-1864) Scottish Painter
Eckersberg, Christoffer Wilhelm (1783-1853) Danish Biedermeier painter.
Ender, Johann (1793-1854) Austrian Painter
Engert, Erasmus (1796-1871) Austrian Painter (Vienna)
Etex, Antoine (1808-1888) French Sculptor
Fabisch, Joseph-Hugues (1812-1886) French Sculptor (Lyon)
Fendi, Peter (1796-1842) Austrian Painter (Vienna)
Feuerbach, Anselm Friedrich (1829-1880) German Painter (Italy)
Flandrin, Hippolyte (1809-1864) French Painter
Fogelberg, Bengt Erland (1786-1854) Swedish Sculptor
Fohr, Carl Philipp (1775-1818) German Painter
Franque, Jean-Pierre (1774-1860) French Painter
Freund, Hermann Ernst (1786-1840) Danish Sculptor
Friedrich, Caspar David (1774-1840) Painter: see German Art 19th century.
Fries, Ernst (1801-1833) German Painter
Frost, William Edward (1810-1877) English Painter (London)
Fuhrich, Joseph Von (1800-1876) Bohemian Painter
Fuseli, John Henry (1741-1825) Swiss Painter (England)
Gallait, Louis (1810-1887) Belgian Painter (Brussels)
Gandolfi, Mauro (1764-1834) Italian Painter (Bologna)
Gartner, Eduard (1801-1877) German Painter (Berlin)
Gavarni, Paul (c.1804-1866) French Graphic Artist (Paris)
Geikie, Walter (1795-1837) Scottish Painter (Edinburgh)
Gerard, Francois (1770-1837) French Painter
Gericault, Theodore (1781-1824) French Painter
Gifford, Sanford Robinson (1823-1880) American landscape artist
Gigante, Giacinto (1806-1876) Italian Painter (Naples)
Gigola, Giambattista (1769-1841) Italian Painter
Gleyre, Charles-Gabriel (1806-1874) Swiss Painter
Glover, John (1767-1849) English Painter
Gonzaga, Pietro Di Gottardo (1751-1831) Italian Painter
Gonzalez Velazquez, Zacarías (1763-1834) Spanish Painter (Madrid)
Goya Y Lucientes, Francisco De (1746-1828) Spanish Painter
Grandville, Jean-Jacques (1803-1847) French Graphic Artist
Gros, Antoine-Jean (1771-1835) French Napoleonic Painter and Portraitist
Gudin, Theodore (1802-1880) French Painter (Paris)
Hart, James McDougal (1828-1901) American landscape artist
Hart, William (1823-1894) American landscape artist
Hayez, Francesco (1791-1882) Italian Painter
Hayter, George (1792-1871) English Painter (London)
Heade, Martin Johnson (1819-1904) American landscape artist
Hess, Heinrich Maria Von (1798-1863) German Painter
Hildebrandt, Eduard (1818-1869) German Painter
Hill, Thomas (1829-1908) American landscape artist
Horny, Franz (1798-1824) German Painter
Hubner, Julius (1806-1882) German Painter
Hummel, Johann Erdmann (1769-1852) German Painter
Hunt, William Holman (1827-1910) English Painter
Hunt, William Morris (1824-1879) American Painter
Isabey, Eugene (1803-1886) French Painter
Isabey, Jean-Baptist (1767-1855) French Miniaturist
Jacquand, Claudius (1803-1878) French Painter
Jacquot, Georges (1794-1874) French Sculptor
Kaulbach, Wilhelm Von (1804-1874) German Painter
Kensett, John Frederick (1816-1872) American Painter
Kersting, Georg Friedrich (1785-1847) German Painter
Kinsoen, Francois-Joseph (1771-1839) Flemish Painter
Kiss, August Karl Edouard (1802-1865) German Sculptor
Klenze, Leo Von (1784-1864) German Painter
Kobell, Wilhelm Von (1766-1853) German Painter
Kobke, Christen (1810-1848) Danish Painter
Koch, Joseph Anton (1768-1839) Austrian Painter
Koekkoek, Barend Cornelis (1803-1862) Dutch Painter
Kopisch, August (1799-1853) German Painter (Berlin)
Krafft, Johann Peter (1780-1856) Austrian Painter
Kruger, Franz (1797-1857) German Painter
Kyhn, Vilhelm (1819-1903) Danish Painter
Landseer, Edwin (1802-1873) English Animal Painter, portraitist (London)
Lecomte, Hippolyte (1781-1857) French Painter (Paris)
Lehmann, Henri (1814-1882) French Painter
Lessing, Karl Friedrich (1808-1880) German Painter
Leutze, Emanuel Gottlieb (1816-1868) German-American Painter
Levy, Vaclav (1820-1870) Bohemian Sculptor
Lies, Jozef Hubert (1821-1865) Belgian Painter
Lipparini, Ludovico (1800-1856) Italian Painter (Venice)
Lopez Y Piquer, Bernardo (1801-1874) Spanish Painter (Valencia)
Lopez Y Piquer, Luis (1802-1865) Spanish Painter (Valencia)
Lopez Y Portana, Vicente (1772-1850) Spanish Painter
Maclise, Daniel (1806-1870) Irish Painter
Madou, Jean-Baptiste (1796-1877) Belgian Painter
Marees, Hans Von (1837-1887) German Painter (Italy)
Marilhat, Prosper (1811-1847) French Painter
Marko, Karoly The Elder (1791-1860) Hungarian Painter
Marochetti, Charles (1805-1867) Italian Sculptor
Martin, John (1789-1854) English Painter, mezzotint engraver
Matteini, Teodoro (1754-1831) Italian Painter (Venice)
McEntee, Jervis (1828-1891) American landscape artist
Meissonier, Jean-Louis-Ernest (1815-1891) French Painter
Melbye, Anton (1818-1875) Danish Painter
Michel, Georges (1763-1843) French Painter
Migliara, Giovanni (1785-1837) Italian Painter (Milan)
Moine, Antonin-Marie (1796-1849) French Sculptor
Moran, Thomas (1837-1926) American landscape artist
Mulready, William (1786-1863) Irish Painter (London)
Munro, Alexander (1825-1871) Scottish Sculptor (London)
Nanteuil, Charles-Francois (1792-1865) French Sculptor
Nasmyth, Alexander (1758-1840) Scottish Painter
Nasmyth, Patrick (1787-1831) Scottish Painter (London)
Nathe, Christoph (1753-1806) German Graphic Artist
Neureuther, Eugen (1806-1882) German Graphic Artist
Noel, Alexandre-Jean (1752-1834) French Painter
Nuyen, Wijnandus Johannes Josephus (1813-1839) Dutch Painter (The Hague)
Obici, Giuseppe (1807-1878) Italian Sculptor (Rome)
Oehme, Ernst Ferdinand (1797-1855) German Painter (Dresden)
Olivier, Ferdinand (1785-1841) German Painter
Os, Georgius Van (1782-1861) Dutch Painter (Paris)
Overbeck, Friedrich (1789-1869) German Painter, leader of the Nazarenes
Palmer, Samuel (1805-1881) English Painter
Peale, James (1749-1831) American Painter
Pforr, Franz (1788-1812) German Painter
Phillips, Thomas (1770-1845) English Painter
Pieneman, Jan Willem (1779-1853) Dutch Painter
Preault, Auguste (1809-1879) French Sculptor
Prud'hon, Pierre-Paul (1758-1823) French Painter
Pugin, Augustus Charles (1768-1832) English Graphic Artist (London)
Raggi, Nicolas-Bernard (1790-1862) Italian Sculptor
Ramboux, Johann Anton Alban (1790-1866) German Painter
Rayski, Ferdinand Von (1806-1890) German Painter
Regnault, Henri (1843-1871) French Painter
Rehbenitz, Theodor Markus (1791-1861) German Painter
Reinhart, Johann Christian (1761-1847) German Painter
Rethel, Alfred (1816-1859) German Graphic Artist
Richard, Fleury-Francois (1777-1852) French Painter
Richter, Adrian Ludwig (1803-1884) German Painter
Riedel, August (1799-1883) German Painter
Rietschel, Ernest Friedrich August (1804-1861) German Sculptor
Roberts, David (1796-1864) Scottish Painter
Rogers, Randolph (1825-1892) American Sculptor (Rome)
Rombauer, Janos (1782-1849) Hungarian Painter
Rorbye, Martinus (1803-1848) Danish Painter
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel (1828-1882) English Painter, Pre-Raphaelites
Rottmann, Carl (1797-1850) German Painter
Rude, François (1784-1855) French Sculptor
Runge, Philipp Otto (1777-1810) German Painter
Rush, William (1756-1833) American Sculptor
Saint-Jean, Simon (1808-1860) French Painter (Lyon)
Schadow, Wilhelm Von (1788-1862) German Painter
Schaller, Johann Nepomuk (1777-1842) German Sculptor
Scharf, George (1788-1860) German Painter (London)
Scheffer, Ary (1795-1858) Dutch Painter
Schinkel, Karl Friedrich (1781-1841) German Architect
Schnetz, Jean-Victor (1787-1870) French Painter
Schnorr Von Carolsfeld, Julius (1794-1872) German Painter
Schwanthaler, Ludwig (1802-1848) German Sculptor (Munich)
Schwind, Moritz Von (1804-1871) Austrian Painter
Scott, William Bell (1811-1890) Scottish Painter
Shchedrin, Sil'vestr Fedosyevich (1791-1830) Russian Painter (Italy)
Simonis, Eugene (1810-1882) Belgian Sculptor
Singleton, Henry (1766-1839) English Painter (London)
Sola, Antonio (1787-1861) Spanish Sculptor
Spitzweg, Carl (1808-1885) Biedermeier German Painter (Munich)
Steinle, Edward Jakob Von (1810-1886) German Painter
Stieler, Karl Joseph (1781-1858) German Painter
Sully, Thomas (1783-1872) American Painter
Tassaert, Octave (1800-1874) French Painter
Thomas, Gabriel-Jules (1824-1905) French Sculptor (Paris)
Topffer, Adam-Wolfgang (1766-1847) Swiss Painter (Geneva)
Tropinin, Vasily Andreyevich (1776-1857) Russian Painter (Moscow)
Troye, Edward (1808-1874) American Painter
Trutat, Felix (1824-1848) French Painter
Turner, Joseph Mallord William (1775-1851) English Painter
Vafflard, Pierre-Auguste (1777-1837) French Painter (Paris)
Vanderlyn, John (1775-1852) American Painter
Veit, Philipp (1793-1877) German Painter
Verboeckhoven, Eugene-Joseph (1798-1881) Belgian Painter (Brussels)
Verboeckhoven, Louis-Charles (1802-1889) Belgian Painter (Brussels)
Vernet, Horace (1789-1863) French Painter
Vogel Von Vogelstein, Carl Christian (1788-1868) German Painter
Waldmuller, Fedinand Georg (1793-1865) Austrian Painter (Vienna)
Ward, James (1769-1859) English Painter
Wasmann, Friedrich (1805-1886) German Painter
Waterhouse, John William (1849-1917) English Pre-Raphaelite artist
Weir, Robert Walter (1803-1889) American landscape artist
Whittredge, Worthington (1820-1910) American landscape artist
Wiertz, Antoine (1806-1865) Belgian Painter
Wilkie, Sir David (1785-1841) Scottish Painter
Winterhalter, Franz Xaver (1805-1873) German Painter
Wittmer, Johann Michael (1802-1880) German Painter
Wolff, Albert (1814-1892) German Sculptor
Zimmermann, Carl Friedrich (1796-1820) German Painter (Berlin)

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