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List of 20th
Century Sculptors
Twentieth century sculpture has been dominated
by the following artists.
Aristide
Maillol (1861-1944)
French artist noted for his sensuous but classical female nude statues.
Oliver Sheppard
(1865-1941)
Eminent Irish sculptor, best known for his bronze sculpture idealizing
the Irish struggle for independence.
Henri Matisse (1869-1954)
One of the major references of avant-garde
art from the beginning of the twentieth century, noted (in his plastic
art) for statues, figurines and low-reliefs.
Ernst Barlach (1870-1938)
Powerful expressionist works include Blind Beggar and Russian
Beggar-woman with Bowl.
Raymond Duchamp-Villon (1876-1918)
Member of a group of Cubists including Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes,
Roger de la Frenaye, Henri le Fauconnier and Fernand Leger. Like the Futurists,
Duchamp-Villon used Cubist devices to represent movement and the dynamism
of modern life.
Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957)
Highly-skilled craftsman, influenced by African art as well as Oriental
art, searching for pure form.
James Earle Fraser (1876-1953)
American artist best known for his sculptures of Native Americans and
historical figures, including Alexander Hamilton and Theodore Roosevelt.
An early Fraser masterpiece is The End of the Trail, a statue
of a weary Native American on horseback.
Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973)
One of the masters of naturalistic animal sculpture, her statues - both
life-sized and in smaller proportions - are in museums and art collections
across the United States.
Jacob Epstein (1880–1959)
Bohemian American-born British sculptor whose Rock Drill (1913)
astounded many, as did Adam (1938) and other controversial works
in bronze and marble.
A pioneer of Modern British sculpture
(1930-70).
Wilhelm Lehmbruck (1881-1919)
Greatest German expressionist sculptor. Noted for Kneeling Woman
(1911).
Albert Power
(1881-1945)
Academic realist, leading sculptor in Ireland during the 1920s and 1930s.
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
Creative genius noted for the three-dimensional attributes of his paintings,
as well as his sculptures, his range embraced ceramics, theatrical designs
and decorative sculpture.
Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916)
Leading member of the Futurist movement; co-signed the Manifesto of
Futurist Painting in February 1910 with Carlo Cana, Luigi Russolo,
Gino Severini and Giacomo Balla; wrote the Manifesto of Futurist Sculpture
in 1912.
Henri Laurens (1885-1954)
French sculptor, printmaker, designer and illustrator, noted for his voluptuous
nudes and later outstanding figurative work as well as his Cubist "constructions",
of wood and polychrome plaster.
Jean Arp (1886-1966)
Founder member of Abstraction-Creation, known for organic forms in bronze
or marble.
Kurt Schwitters
(1887-1948)
German Dada artist renowned for his extraordinary "Merzbau"
sculpture and collage art.
Alexander Archipenko (1887-1964)
Ukrainian-American Cubist sculptor noted for use of "negative space".
Marcel Duchamp
(1887-1968)
One of the most innovative artists of the 20th century, painter/sculptor,
member of Cubist Section
d'Or group, noted for "readymades", along with works
like Nude Descending a Staircase (1911-12), and the urinal entitled
Fountain (1917).
Sophie Taeuber-Arp (1889-1943)
Swiss designer, Dada artist, Bauhaus follower, wife of Jean Arp, now seen
as one of the pioneers of non-objective
art.
Ossip Zadkine (1890-1967)
Avant-garde artist, influenced by Cubism; used dramatically expressive
forms; noted for his masterpiece To a Destroyed City (1953).
Naum Gabo (1890-1977)
Pioneer of 20th century kinetic sculpture; one of the most influential
exponents of Constructivism, and a pioneer of concrete
art.
Henri Gaudier-Brzeska (1891-1915)
Short-lived genius, influenced by Rodin; perhaps the most outstanding
sculptor of his generation.
Jacques Lipchitz (1891-1973)
Lithuanian-born avant-garde Cubist sculptor. Perhaps the greatest figure
in modern Russian sculpture. Worked in Paris
(1909-40), thereafter in America.
Joan Miro (1893-1983)
Long-lived Spanish artist turned to sculpture in 1944 (terracottas, ceramics,
bronzes).
Ben Nicholson (1894-1982)
British abstract sculptor, noted for his shallow reliefs.
Katarzyna Kobro (1898-1951)
Regarded as one of the most outstanding female Polish sculptors of the
first half of the 20th century, she is is noted for her early Cubist nude
studies and abstract kinetic forms hanging in space.
Alexander Calder (1898-1976)
Inventor of sculptural "mobiles" made of wire and pieces of
wood, a form of kinetic art. His genius changed these ordinary materials
into abstract universes.
Henry Moore (1898-1986)
Abstract sculptor, master-carver; influenced by ancient art, Giotto's
and Masaccio's frescoes; noted for his natural organic forms. Without
doubt the greatest ever English sculptor.
Louise Nevelson (1899-1988)
Russian-born American sculptor, renowned for her abstract wooden assemblages
and "sculptured walls."
Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966)
Swiss artist, famous for his "existential art", especially his
emaciated figurative sculpture.
Marino Marini (1901-80)
One of the foremost Italian sculptors of the 20th century, Italian artist,
noted for his series of nudes and portrait
busts as well as his signature equestrian sculptures.
Jean Dubuffet
(1901-1985)
Avant-garde French artist, fascinated by Art
Brut noted for sculptures made from junk materials.
Richmond Barthe (1901-1989)
Most famous works include the Toussaint L'Quverture Monument in
Port-au-Prince, Haiti; the Walls of Jericho in Harlem; and the garden
sculpture for the Edgar Kaufman house.
Barbara Hepworth DBE (1903-1975)
With Henry Moore, the most important figures in the development of 20th
century British abstract sculpture.
Noted for Single Form, the United Nations memorial to Dag Hammarskjold.
Salvador Dali
(1904-89)
Surrealist artist noted for paintings and for works of plastic art, such
as, Lobster Telephone (1936) and Ice Cream Van (1970).
Barnett Newman
(1905-70)
Abstract expressionist painter who also produced some exceptional abstract
sculptures, such as Broken Obelisk (1969, Museum of Modern Art,
New York).
David Smith (1906-1965)
The most influential and original American sculptor of the pre-war generation,
famous for his abstract compositions of different metals and junk materials,
once described as "3-D metal calligraphy."
Seamus Murphy
(1907-1975)
Irish traditional stone sculptor; Cork's greatest master-carver.
FE McWilliam
(1909-1992)
Surrealist sculptor of Northern Ireland, best known for his 1970s Women
of Belfast series.
Louise Bourgeois (1911-2010)
Known for surrealist works symbolizing feminist themes.
Tony Smith (1912-81)
American abstract minimalist sculptor, noted for his use of industrial
materials.
Meret Oppenheim (1913-85)
German-Swiss artist, remembered for her surrealist masterpiece Object
(1936), a fur-lined tea-cup and saucer.
Cesar Baldaccini (1921-1998)
Achieved a scandalous success and international notoriety with the sculptures
made from crushed cars, exhibited at the Salon
de Mai in 1960.
Pol Bury (1922-2005)
Former surrealist, influenced by Rene Magritte and Yves Tanguy, became
one of the leading twentieth-century exponents of kinetic or moving sculpture.
Nandor Glid (1924-97)
Renowned for his expressive Holocaust
sculpture (eg. Dachau memorial).
Eduardo Paolozzi (1924-2005)
British sculptor, printmaker, collage artist, one of the pioneers of Pop-Art.
Noted for his large scale abstract sculptures.
Sir Anthony Caro (1924-2013)
One of the most influential sculptors in post-war British art.
Jean Tinguely (1925-1991)
Swiss sculptor and experimental artist, famous for his auto-destructive
works - like Homage to New York (1960) - which linked kinetic and
performance art.
Duane Hanson (1925-96)
Surrealist/Pop Art, photorealist American sculptor, renowned for his highly
detailed, life-size figures made from fibreglass resin, such as Tourists
(1970).
Robert Rauschenberg
(1925-2008)
American painter, sculptor, multi-media artist, pioneer of Pop-Art, renowned
for his "Combines", collages and assemblages.
Takis (Panayiotis Vassilakis) (b.1925)
Greek experimental artist, pioneer of kinetic sculpture.
Andy Warhol (1928-87)
Known for his sculptures of boxes of Brillo soap pads.
Robert Indiana
(b.1928)
Pop artist, sculptor and painter, noted for 'word sculptures' like "LOVE".
Donald Judd (1928-94)
Greatest American abstract sculptor of the late twentieth century.
Arman (1928-2005)
Founding member of the 1960s Nouveaux Realistes group of artists
in Paris, noted for his assemblages of junk material and sculptures, like
The Time of All (1989) at Saint Lazare Station, Paris.
Sol LeWitt (1928-2007)
American sculptor, leading exponent of Minimalism, noted for his geometric
skeletal structures.
Claes Oldenburg (b.1929)
Leading Pop-Art sculptor, best known for his colossal sculptures of everyday
objects, such as lipsticks, cigarette butts and hamburgers.
Edward Delaney
(1930-2009)
Bronze King & Queen sold in 2009 for €190,000, a world
record price for Irish sculpture.
Magdalena Abakanowicz (b.1930)
The Polish artist Magdalena Abakanowicz broke down traditional barriers
between textiles and sculpture.
Jasper Johns (b.1930)
New York painter, sculptor, multi-media artists, early exponent of Pop-Art.
Sculpted everyday objects like beer cans, brushes in coffee can.
Marisol (Maria Sol Escobar) (b.1930)
Influenced by folk art, her
metal and wood figurative sculptures, typically arranged in groups, were
shown at the influential Art of Assemblage exhibition, at MoMA Museum
of Modern Art in New York.
Niki de Saint-Phalle (1930-2002)
French avant-garde self-taught artist, member of Paris-based Nouveaux
Realistes group of artists, known for her 1960s "shot-reliefs"
- relief assemblages of found materials.
Note About Sculpture Appreciation
To learn how to evaluate 20th century modernist and contemporary sculptors,
see: How to Appreciate
Modern Sculpture. For earlier works, please see: How
to Appreciate Sculpture.
Robert
Morris (b.1931)
American sculptor, painter, Performance and experimental artist, noted
for his "anti-form" art. A pioneer of Minimal art and "felt"
sculpture.
Fernando Botero
(b.1932)
Columbian artist, known for his obese inflated figures; focused on sculpture
since 1970s; noted for the Broadgate Venus London and the giant male cat
in Barcelona.
Mark Di Suvero (b.1933)
American abstract expressionist sculptor famous for his large scale iron/steel
public sculptures. Responsible for large number of public commissions
throughout the world.
Carl Andre (b.1935)
One of the best-known artists associated with the Minimalist movement
of the 1970s.
Walter de Maria (b.1935)
Minimalist sculptor noted for his simple geometric compositions made from
industrially manufactured materials like aluminium/stainless steel; his
work Cage was included in the seminal 1966 "Primary Structures"
exhibit at the Jewish Museum in New York. Also active in Environmental
art, and is noted for The Lightning Field (1977).
Jim Dine (b.1935)
Pop artist noted for his assemblage sculptures and combination paintings.
Eva Hesse (1936-70)
German-born New York sculptor known for her experimental use of contemporary
materials, such as latex and fiberglass.
Richard Serra (b.1939)
Pupil of ex-Bauhaus teacher Joseph Albers, best known for his monumental
public works made from steel and other industrial materials. Most famous
works include Tilted Arc (1981), and The Matter of Time
(2004) (located at the Guggenheim Bilbao).
Bruce Nauman (b.1941)
American postmodernist artist, known for his "interactive" sculpture/video
installations.
John De Andrea (b.1941)
American superrealist sculptor known for his life-size ultra-realistic
nude figures, like Model in Repose (1981).
Carole Feuerman (b.1945)
American hyperrealist sculptor noted for her swimmers and athletes.
Giuseppe Pen One (b.1947)
Challenging Italian postmodernist sculptor who uses natural materials
to try and integrate the human and natural worlds.
Antony Gormley (b.1950)
Versatile British sculptor, Turner Prize winner, best known for his colossal
public sculpture Angel of the North (1998).
Rowan Gillespie
(b.1953)
Greatest figurative sculptor in the history of Irish plastic art.
Anish Kapoor (b.1954)
India-born British abstract sculptor, winner of Turner
Prize, noted for large-scale public works in rough hewn stone, cast
metal and stainless steel, such as Cloud Gate (2006) in the AT&T
Plaza at Millennium Park, Chicago.
Jeff Koons (b.1955)
Like the late Andy Warhol, a highly controversial but world famous artist,
best known for his monumental kitsch-style sculptures. They include his
famous topiary sculpture Puppy (1992) at the Bilbao Guggenheim
Museum, and his series of stainless steel pop sculptures entitled Balloon
Dogs (1994-2000).
Damien Hirst (b.1965)
Postmodernist sculptor, installation artist, Turner
Prize winner, leader of the Young
British Artists movement. One of the most successful artists of the
20th century. Noted for his installations as well as sculptures like Virgin
Mother (2005) and For the Love of God (2007).
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