German Baroque Artists
17th Century Painters, Sculptors, Architects,
Printmakers, in Germany.
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German Baroque Artists
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German Baroque Artists (c.1600-1700)The Baroque Movement The dramatic style of Baroque art - affecting architecture, sculpture, painting, and the decorative arts - was centred on Rome, therefore countries like England, Germany and France were to some extent on the periphery of Baroque art theory and practice. Indeed, the Baroque style of art had relatively little impact on the fine art of Northern Europe, except for Spanish-ruled Flanders (see Flemish Baroque Art). Even the vibrant genre-painting of neighbouring Holland was little influenced by the Baroque School, except in its realism (see Dutch Baroque Art). |
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THE
BAROQUE ERA PAINTING COLOURS 17TH
CENTURY PAINTING WORLD'S GREATEST
ARTWORKS |
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GREAT EUROPEAN PAINTERS EVOLUTION
OF VISUAL ART PAINTING SCULPTURE BEST WORKS OF SCULPTURE BEST SCULPTORS |
Painters and Sculptors German Baroque art did not arrive until after the debilitating Thirty Years War (1618-48), which was fought largely in German towns and principalities, causing immense suffering and commercial dislocation. Except for Frederick the Great, Protestant northern Germany had few patrons of the arts. Even in southern Germany, the main application of the movement was in architecture. As a result, most 17th century Baroque painting and Baroque sculpture in Germany was derivative of developments elsewhere. Indeed, compiling a list of the best German Baroque artists is not easy, even though there were some exceptional individuals working during the period. These included the early 17th century German Baroque painters Hans (Johann) Rottenhammer (1564-1625), Adam Elsheimer (1578-1610), Johann Liss (1597-1631), Joachim von Sandrart (1606-88), and the later sculptor Andreas Schluter (1664-1714). Architects German Baroque architects were more active, especially in central and Southern Germany. In fact the last flowering of Baroque architecture was in Catholic southern Germany and Austria, whose architects seized the opportunity to move away from Italian models during the 1720s. Among the greatest architects of the time, were: J.L. von Hildebrandt, the Asam brothers, J.B Fischer von Erlach, Balthasar Neumann and others. Notable examples of German Baroque architecture include the Bavarian Baroque church in the Benedictine Ottobeuren, St. John Nepomuk Church, called Asam Church in Munich, the Weltenburg monastery, and Ettal Abbey. Baroque religious architecture is also exemplified by the Frauenkirche in Dresden, designed by George Bahr, and the Basilica of the Vierzehnheiligen in Upper Franconia. |
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EVOLUTION OF SCULPTURE MEANING OF ART
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Major Baroque-style palaces include the Zwinger Palace in Dresden, designed by Matthaus Daniel Poppelmann (1709-1728), the Palace of Trier, and the Ludwigsburg Palace, Stuttgart - the largest Baroque Palace in Germany. In line with the German concept of Gesamtkunstwerk ("the total work of art"), the architecture of the German royal houses was based on the model of the French Baroque, notably the themed royal Palace of Versailles. The finest example of Gesamtkunstwerk in action (featuring cordinated architecture, painting and sculpture) is probably the Prince-Bishop's Palace, Wurzburg. The building, designed by Johann Balthasar Neumann, the top European architect of the day, was frescoed - at the invitation of Prince Bishop Karl Philipp von Greiffenklau - by the great Giambattista Tiepolo (1696-1770). For details, see: Wurzburg Residence Frescoes (1750-53). The Baroque era in Germany also witnessed the opening of the Akademie der Kunste (Prussian Academy of the Arts) in Berlin. This prestigious arts institution was founded in 1696 by Frederick the Great of Brandenburg and served (inter alia) as the arts council to the government. Its educational function eventually became the Universitat der Kunste Berlin (Berlin University of the Arts). See also: Gemaldegalerie SMPK, Berlin. List of German Baroque Artists Among the Baroque masters of painting, sculpture and other decorative and applied arts of 17th century Germany, are the following: Christian Berentz (1658-1722) painter (Rome)
Further Resources • Baroque
Architecture (1600-1750) |
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• For a list of the top painters/sculptors,
see: Visual Artists: Greatest.
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ART HISTORY |
