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HIGH RENAISSANCE
Luca Signorelli (1450-1523)
Master of fresco painting, figure drawing; influenced Michelangelo's frescoes.
Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519)
Greatest Renaissance oil painter/draftsman (The Last Supper, Mona
Lisa).
Filippino Lippi (1457-1504)
Leading Florentine fresco painter, son of Fra Filippo Lippi.
Piero di Cosimo (1462-1522)
Early Renaissance oil painter best known for imaginative mythological
pictures.
Fra Bartolommeo (1472-1517)
Influential painter of the Florentine High Renaissance.
Michelangelo Buonarroti
(1475-1564)
Greatest Renaissance sculptor (Pieta, David) and painter,
renowned for his Genesis and Last Judgement Sistine
Chapel frescoes in Rome.
Raphael (Raffaello Santi)
(1483-1520)
Greatest exemplar of High
Renaissance painting, noted for his Papal frescoes.
Sebastiano del Piombo
(1485-1547)
Best known for portraits. A rival of Raphael, he was helped by Michelangelo.
Andrea del Sarto
(1486-1530)
Known for his grisaille work, his fresco murals and his famous altarpiece:
Madonna of the Harpies. Leader of High Renaissance in Florence after 1510.
Correggio (1489-1534)
Parma painter, noted for illusionistic frescoes and altarpiece oils.
VENETIAN RENAISSANCE
(VENICE)
Gentile Bellini (c.1429-1507)
Noted for historical scenes of Venice and portraits of Doges.
Giovanni Bellini
(1430-1516)
Father of Venetian painting; pioneer of luminous oil painting.
Vittore Carpaccio (c.1465-1525/6)
Venetian artist, influenced by Gentile Bellini, noted for Legend of
St Ursula.
Giorgione (1477-1510)
Pioneer of the Venetian School of painting.
Lorenzo Lotto (1480-1556)
High Renaissance artist, noted for his portraiture and religious panel
painting.
Titian (c.1485/8-1576)
Greatest Renaissance exponent of colour painting in oils and fresco.
Andrea Palladio
(1508-80)
Greatest Venetian architect of the Renaissance.
Jacopo Bassano (1515-1592)
Mannerist painter noted for his portraiture and Biblical genre-painting.
Jacopo Tintoretto (1518-1594)
Major Venetian painter of monumental religious works.
Paolo Veronese (1528-1588)
One of Venice's leading colourists, noted for The Wedding at Cana.
NORTHERN
RENAISSANCE (FLANDERS, NETHERLANDS, GERMANY)
Robert Campin
(Master of Flemalle) (c.1378-1444)
Flemish artist, famous for Merode Altarpiece.
Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)
Flemish painter, noted for Ghent Altarpiece - a masterpiece of
Christian art.
Stefan Lochner (c.1400-51)
German painter of the Cologne School noted for the Three Kings Altarpiece
Roger Van der Weyden
(1400-1464)
Flemish artist and leading religious panel-painter of Northern Renaissance.
Dieric (Dirk) Bouts
(c.1410/20-75)
First Flemish painter to use single vanishing point; noted for religious
art.
Petrus Christus (c.1410-75)
Flemish artist, pupil of Jan van Eyck, Best-known for Portrait of a
Young Girl.
Hans Memling (c.1433-94)
Flemish portrait artist, religious altarpiece painter, of the Bruges School.
Michael Pacher (1435-98)
Austrian religious artist, noted for the Altarpiece of the Church Fathers.
Hugo Van Der Goes
(1440–1482)
Oil painter from Netherlands, noted for religious art like Portinari
Altarpiece.
Martin Schongauer
(1448-91)
Graphic artist, printmaker and painter from Colmar.
Hieronymus Bosch
(1450-1516)
Greatest of all medieval painters, noted for complex moralizing works.
Quentin Massys (c.1465-1530)
Flemish genre painter of the Antwerp School, noted for secular-style portraits.
Matthias Grunewald
(1470-1528)
Noted for his intense expressionist religious paintings; Isenheim Altarpiece.
Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)
Greatest painter and printmaker of the Northern Renaissance.
Lucas Cranach the Elder
(1472-1553)
Leading Renaissance painter in Germany, noted for his court portraiture.
Albrecht Altdorfer
(1480-1538)
Noted for Romantic Danube School of landscape, and Battle of Issus.
Hans Baldung Grien
(1484-1545)
German Renaissance artist, engraver; painted high altar in Freiburg Cathedral.
Joachim Patenier
(1485-1524)
Pioneer landscape painter of the Netherlandish Renaissance.
Hans Holbein The
Younger (1497-1543)
Celebrated as one of the greatest portrait painters.
Pieter Bruegel the
Elder (c.1525-1569)
Leading Flemish artist of his day, master landscape painter.
Nicholas Hilliard
(1547-1619)
English miniaturist, noted for his oval-style miniature portrait paintings.
MANNERISM
Rosso Fiorentino
(1494-1540)
Florentine artist; with Primaticcio, led Fontainebleau School of Mannerism.
Jacopo Pontormo (1494-1556)
Florentine fresco/oil painter; Deposition Altarpiece, San Lorenzo
frescoes.
Giulio Romano (1499-1546)
Raphael's top assistant, noted for his illusionist frescoes in Mantua
and Rome.
Parmigianino (1503-40)
Mannerist painter, etcher, from Parma, known for Madonna with a Long
Neck.
Agnolo Bronzino (1503-1572)
Mannerist portrait painter influenced by Pontormo, also noted for tapestry
art.
Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574)
Painter, architect, art historian known for Lives of The Artists
(1550).
Federico Barocci (1526-1612)
Greatest Mannerist painter of the central Italian school.
Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1527-93)
Best-known for his bizarre Mannerist fruit & vegetable portraits.
Giambologna (1529-1608)
The hugely influential Mannerist sculptor: worked in Rome and Florence.
El Greco (Domenikos Theotocopoulos)
(1541-1614)
Noted for his dazzling spiritual works and portraits.
BAROQUE
Ludovico Carracci
(1555-1619)
Co-founder of the Accademia degli Incamminati and Bolognese School.
Agostino Carracci
(1557-1602)
Co-founder with Ludovico of the Bolognese School of painting.
Annibale Carracci
(1560-1609)
Bolognese Baroque artist noted for Farnese Gallery frescos in Rome.
Francisco Ribalta
(1565-1628)
Catalan religious painter, pioneer of tenebrism and naturalistic chiaroscuro.
Caravaggio (1571-1610)
Milanese painter noted for his figurative realism & tenebrism.
Guido Reni (1575-1642)
Classical Baroque painter, influenced by Caravaggio, Raphael and the Antique.
Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
Foremost Baroque history painter and portraitist.
Adam Elsheimer (1578-1610)
Influential German landscape artist & history painter. Influenced
Rubens.
Battistello Caracciolo
(1578-1635)
Neapolitan painter, pupil and first close follower of Caravaggio.
Domenichino (1581-1641)
Bolognese School painter noted for frescoes, altarpieces, landscape paintings.
Giovanni Lanfranco (1582-1647)
Correggio-inspired High Baroque fresco painter, member of Neapolitan School.
Simon Vouet (1590-1649)
Leader of French artists in Rome; later official court painter to Louis
XIII.
Jusepe (Jose) de Ribera
(1591-1652)
Naples-based Spanish realist religious painter.
Guercino (Giovanni Francesco
Barbieri) (1591-1666)
Italian painter, draughtsman, leader of Bolognese School of Baroque painting.
Georges de La Tour
(1593-1652)
French caravaggesque painter, noted for religious & genre paintings.
Artemisia Gentileschi
(1593–1656)
Daughter of Orazio G; first female member of the Florence Academy of Art.
Jacob Jordaens (1593-1678)
Flemish Baroque painter, noted for genre paintings, portraits, tapestry
design.
Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665)
Possibly the greatest classical academic painter of all time.
Pietro da Cortona
(1596-1669)
Greatest fresco painter of the Italian High Baroque.
Giovanni Bernini (1598-1680)
The dominant sculptor and architect of the Counter-Reformation Baroque.
Francisco de Zurbaran
(1598-1664)
Master of chiaroscuro, noted for his religious pictures and still-lifes.
Anthony Van Dyck
(1599-1641)
Infant prodigy, pupil of Rubens, noted for his portraits.
Diego Velazquez (1599-1660)
Court painter, possibly the greatest old master of the Spanish school.
Claude Lorrain (1600-82)
Classical landscape artist, initiator of Claudean style.
Le Nain Brothers
(Antoine, Louis, Mathieu) (c.1600-77)
French Realist genre painters, portraitists; noted for peasant scenes.
Castiglione (Il Grechetto)
(1609-64)
Genoa painter & etcher, founder of monotype, noted for Biblical animal
scenes.
Mattia Preti (Il Cavaliere
Calabrese) (1613-99)
Influential fresco painter; active with Giordano in Neapolitan Baroque
painting.
Salvator Rosa (1615-73)
Famous for his wild romantic landscapes and battle scenes.
Bartolome Esteban
Murillo (1618-1682)
Successful Spanish Baroque artist, religious painter, genre-scenes.
Charles Le Brun (1619-90)
French painter, authoritarian Director of French Academy/Gobelins tapestries.
Carlo Maratta (Maratti)
(1625-1713)
Leading Italian Broque painter, active in Catholic Counter-Reformation
art.
Luca Giordano (1634-1705)
Leading decorative painter of the late 17th century Neapolitan Baroque.
Andrea Pozzo (1642-1709)
High Baroque specialist in quadratura trompe l'oeil illusionistic
murals.
Francesco Solimena (1657-1747)
The greatest late Baroque decorative fresco painter in Naples c.1690-1730.
Hyacinthe Rigaud
(1659-1743)
French portrait artist noted for paintings of Louis XIV and the royal
family.
DUTCH REALISM
SCHOOL
Frans Snyders (1579-1657)
Undisputed master of Baroque still life: Antwerp school.
Frans Hals (1582-1666)
One of the greatest portraitists in post-Renaissance art.
Hendrik Terbrugghen
(1588-1629)
Dutch Realist genre-painter, Utrecht school.
Gerrit van Honthorst
(1592-1656)
Italian inspired Caravaggist, member of Utrecht school.
Willem Claesz Heda
(1594-1680)
Specialist in vanitas still life paintings, from the Haarlem school.
Pieter Claesz (1597-1660)
Leading master of "breakfast" still lifes (ontbijtjes).
Pieter Jansz Saenredam
(1597-1665)
Architectural painter famous for precisely depicted church interiors.
Adriaen Brouwer (1605-38)
Noted for his tavern genre-pictures.
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
World's greatest portrait artist, noted for chiaroscuro technique.
Jan Davidsz de Heem (1606-83)
Still life artist, Utrecht/Antwerp School of Dutch Realism.
Adriaen van Ostade
(1610-85)
Peasant scene artist, Haarlem school.
David Teniers the
Younger (1610-90)
Dutch Realist, peasant, guardroom scenes.
Harmen van Steenwyck
(1612-56)
Leading advocate of vanitas still life painting.
Emanuel de Witte
(1615-92)
Architectual painter noted for church interiors.
Gerard Terborch (1617-81)
Haarlem school genre painter.
Willem Kalf (1619-93)
Noted for still life pictures, especially pronkstilleven and vanitas
paintings.
Aelbert Cuyp (1620-91)
Dordrecht school landscape artist.
Jan Steen (1626-79)
Leiden school, tavern genre scenes, 17th century Holland.
Samuel Van Hoogstraten
(1627-78)
Genre painter; interiors with deep linear perspective, peep-show pictures.
Jacob Van Ruisdael
(1628-82)
Haarlem school landscapes, noted for The Jewish Cemetery.
Gabriel Metsu (1629-67)
Intimate small-scale genre scenes.
Pieter de Hooch (1629-83)
Delft school of Dutch genre-painting.
Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)
Delft school Dutch genre-painter, unrecognized in his life time.
Meindert Hobbema (1638-1709)
Pupil of Jacob van Ruisdael. One of the last Dutch Realist landscape artists.
Rachel Ruysch (1664-1750)
Greatest ever female flower painter, from Amsterdam.
ROCOCO
Jean-Antoine Watteau
(1684-1721)
Noted for The Pilgrimage to the Island of Cythera and his "fetes
galants".
Giambattista Tiepolo
(1696-1770)
Known for his Wurzburg Palace frescos (eg.) Apollo Bringing the Bride.
Canaletto (1697-1768)
Famous topographical/architectural landscape painter
Jean Chardin (1699-1779)
One of the greatest 18th century still life artists.
Francois Boucher
(1703-1770)
Created "mythologie galante", Odalisque portraits, porcelain/tapestry
designs.
Francesco Guardi
(1712–1793)
View painter (veduta) of Venice school: Impressionistic style.
Bernardo Bellotto
(1720–1780)
Canaletto's nephew, noted for urban landscapes of Venice, Dresden, Warsaw.
Jean-Baptiste Greuze
(1725-1805)
Highly popular painter of moralistic genre paintings and exceptional portraits.
Jean-Honore Fragonard
(1732-1806)
Best-known for The Swing and his "figure de fantaisie"
portraits.
Angelica Kauffmann
(1741-1807)
Rococo portraitist, Neoclassical history painter, active in Rome and London.
Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun
(1755-1842)
Rococo court painter to Queen Marie-Antoinette and European aristocracy.
NEOCLASSICISM
Anton Raphael Mengs (1728-79)
German portraitist, court painter, friend of Johann Winckelmann.
Jacques-Louis David
(1748-1825)
Passionate, classical-style, political master painter.
Jean Auguste
Dominique Ingres (1780–1867)
Neoclassicist exponent of "academic art."
ROMANTICISM
Francisco Goya (1746-1828)
Spanish court painter, one of the great portraitists (The Nude Maja).
William Blake (1757-1827)
Symbolist religious painter, printmaker and book illustrator.
Antoine-Jean Gros
(1771-1835)
French Romantic painter, pupil of J-L David; influenced Gericault, Delacroix.
Note: the term 'Old Master' should not
be confused with the category of noted but anonymous painters from the
same period, who are labelled "Master of (a location, or work of
art)". Examples include: Master of the Housebook, an unidentified
Dutch painter named after drawings in the Hausbuch in Schloss Wolfegg;
Master of St Cecilia, an unnamed Italian painter who painted the St Cecilia
altarpiece; Master of the Lyversberg Passion, a German painter responsible
for a Passion series now in Cologne.
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